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: ''For other uses: see New Christian (Swedenborgian).'' New Christian ((スペイン語:cristiano nuevo); (ポルトガル語:cristão-novo); (カタルーニャ語、バレンシア語:cristià nou)) was a law-effective and social category developed from the 15th century onwards, and used in what is today Spain and Portugal, and their New World colonies, to refer to Sephardim (Iberian Jews) and Moors (Iberian Muslims) who had converted to Roman Catholicism, often by force or coercion. It was developed and employed after the successful reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula by the Catholic Monarchs. By law, the category of New Christian included not only recent converts, but also all their known baptized descendants with any fraction or quantum of New Christian blood up to the fourth generation, and then in Phillip II's reign it included any person with any fraction of New Christian blood "from time immemorial".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Jewish Folklore and Ethnology Review, Volumes 17-18 )〕 In Portugal, it was only in 1772 that Marquis of Pombal finally decreed an end to the legal distinction between New Christians and Old Christians. ==New Christian as a legal category== Although the category of New Christian is theologically meaningless in Christian doctrine, since all Christians are equal before God, it was nevertheless introduced by the Iberian so-called Old Christians of ''pure unmixed'' Spanish European bloodlines. The Old Christians wanted to legally and socially distinguish themselves from the New Christian conversos (converts to Christianity) who they considered to be tainted by virtue of their non-Spanish bloodlines, even though in the case of Muslims, the overwhelming majority of Spain's Muslims were also of indigenous Iberian stock, themselves the descendants of native Iberians who earlier converted to Islam under Muslim rule. In practice, for New Christians of Jewish origin, the conception of New Christian was a legal mechanism and manifestation of racial antisemitism, being a prejudice against Jews as a racial/ethnic group, rather than Judaism as a religion. For those of Moorish origin, it was a manifestation of racial anti-Berberism and/or anti-Arabism. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「New Christian」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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